What Is Phonological Disorder?
A Phonological Disorder is a child’s persistent use of error patterns that extends beyond the time-frame expected for typical development. Most children use error patterns in early childhood while they develop the sound system specific to their language or languages, but these errors are expected to fade. Examples of phonological processes include cluster reduction (i.e., “poon” for “spoon”), final consonant deletion (i.e., “be” for “bed”), and gliding (i.e., “wed” for “red”).
Assessment:
Phonological Disorders are assessed using standardized tests, conversation samples, observation, and parent / caregiver interview.
Treatment:
Treatment goals are developed to correct these error patterns based on what is expected for the child’s age and development. The length of treatment depends on the number of phonological errors present, the child’s response to intervention and then followed up by parents guiding practice at home.